|
INHOUD
• CONTENTS
Ë
DLS lends a helping hand to other
libraries
Ë
Visit to Stellenbosch: 9 & 10
September 2010
Ë
Visit of a delegation of the Dutch
Embassy
Ë
Open Access and the Evolving
Scholarly Communication Environment workshop
Ë
Ke ke le ke ke , Ke ke le ke ke:
The Library's got Fruity feather gees
Ë
Loslitdag / Casual Day - 3
September 2010
Ë
Celebrating Heritage Day - 24
September 2010
Ë
In
Memorial
Ë
Questions
To Ask Before You Hit Send
Ë
e-Boek vir Oktober / e-Book for
October
Ë
Oktober boek van die maand /
October
book of the month
Ë
Birthdays of
this month / Verjaardae hierdie maand
Ë
Het jy geweet.... / Did you know ..... |
|
DLS lends a helping hand to other libraries |
|
The Universities in SA
take responsibility for the Millennium training in our
neighbour countries. In 2005 the UP was selected for the
training of the University of Namibia (UNAM). Two staff
members from DLS went there for 3 days to train all the
UNAM library staff on the Millennium Circulation and
Systems modules. About 40 people were involved.
In 2008 the UP DLS team
was invited to take responsibility for the Millennium
training of the University of Venda (UNIVEN). The team
consisted of 4 DLS staff members, each training in a
different Millennium module. The training was done in
2,5 days and all UNIVEN library staff members attended.
In 2010 UNAM requested the
coordinator of Circulation in the DLS to do a follow-up
on the previous Millennium Circulation training. In 2
days about 30 staff members were trained on the
extensive use of all the Circulation Millennium
functions. Attention was also given to their system
problems with regards to Millennium.
Contributed by
Marietjie
van der Westhuizen
 |
|
Visit to Stellenbosch: 9 & 10 September 2010 |
|
Our COP of Institutional Repository
Managers were invited to visit Stellenbosch University
in September to share information on the
implementation of DSpace 1.6.2 .
Ansie van der Westhuizen (UNISA) ,
Lazarus Matizirofa (UJ) , Henda van den Berg (NRF)
and myself responded to the invitation for a study
tour, learning from Hilton Gibson, Ina Smith and
PauletteTalliard on using the functionalities of
DSpace version 1.6.2.
After a warm welcome by dr Reggie
Raju we were in the hands of Hilton, Paulette and Ina
for an Overview of DSpace 1.6.2 . Paulette and Ina
introduced us to SunScholar and 1.6.2 while Hilton
explained all the IT and technical stuff such as :
- the SWORD protocol that they are using in their
workflow
- the importance of a digital preservation policy for
the upgrading and customization of systems
- the Statistical Reports as harvested by Google
Analytics, Google Scholar (Webometrics)
- DSpace 1.6.2 Statistics
Being an enthusiastic Open Access
supporter, all the information is posted on a wiki.
Concluding our study tour we was met for lunch on Friday
by ms Ellen Tise.
What did I learn ?
The new functionalities of DSpace 1.6.2 resulted in new
ideas for implementation in UPSpace, and the
importance of a digital preservation policy for UPSpace
.
A wonderful experience, for networking and sharing.
Feedback
On the 14th September I discussed these
functionalities at our UPSpace User Group meeting , and
as a result we are all waiting for the arrival of the
new server and Dspace version 1.6.2 .
In the meantime we are busy “Spring
Cleaning “ UPSpace , doing quality control and
attending to the backlog, which we hope will be
completed before migrating UPSpace to the new
version.
In conclusion, courtesy of
Lazarus, slightly blurred photographs of our group,
due to the overload of information !

Contributed by
Hettie
Groenewald |
|
Visit of a delegation of the Dutch Embassy |
|
A delegation of the Dutch Embassy visited the library on
16 th September 2010. The purpose of the visit was to
discuss funding for a project to catalogue the Dutch
Collection which forms part of Special Collections and
is housed in the Old Merensky Library. This collection
is only accessible through a card catalogue and index
registers which are inadequate for modern retrieval
methods.
This was a first round discussion and further proposals
will have to be tabled to determine if the Dutch
Embassy has a program to match the library’s intent
with this collection. Dr. Peter Thuynsma and Palesa
Medupe of the Department of Insititutional Advancement
were also present at the meeting.
Thanks to all our colleagues who contributed towards the
success of the event : Magda who arranged for sweet and
salt, Johanna who took the tea trolley all the way to
the Old Merensky (Sello and Patson assisted at the
stairs) and to Mari for her allround support.
Hope that we have good news to report in future.

Contributed by
Katrien Malan |
|
Open Access and the Evolving Scholarly Communication
Environment workshop |
|
eIFL.net is an international not-for-profit
organisation with a base in Europe and a global network
of partners. They work with libraries around the world
to enable sustainable access to high quality digital
information for people in developing and transition
countries. Their mission is to enable access to
knowledge through libraries in developing and transition
countries to contribute to sustainable economic and
social development.
The University of Botswana is currently working on an
open access policy and requested Iryna Kuchma, the Open
Access program manager of eIFL.net for follow up
workshop. Elsabé Olivier was invited as one of her
speakers on 2 September 2010 at the Open Access
and the Evolving Scholarly Communication Environment
workshop in Gaborone, Botswana. Some of the
attendees included Prof. I. N. Mazonde, Director
Research & Development, Prof. Frank Youngman, Deputy
Vice Chancellor (DVC) Academic Affairs (AA) and some
other senior administrators, researchers and librarians
from the University of Botswana, University of
Witwatersrand and Uganda as well as Susan Veldsman who
represented ASSAf OA publishing project.
Elsabé
presented the following two presentations:
University of Pretoria's electronic theses and
dissertations programme (UPeTD)
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/14788
The University of Pretoria’s Open Scholarship Programme
& the first Africa Open Access mandate
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/14789
Some of the feedback received:
“Thanks for your brilliant and innovative presentation
on Open Access program for UP. It was a learning
experience for us in the vocational training search.
Your presented UP Open Access scholarly program with
passion and enthusiasm. Your presentation skill was
excellent, it was full of live examples, and
encouragement. You can actually do better in “marketing
and publicity’ area. Keep it up” -
Master Jacobs Moelenyane,
Botswana Training Authority (BOTA)
“Many thanks for your informative input regarding OA and
for having responded to my questions. The information
that you shared with us was extremely valuable and it
would have benefitted our faculty research committees
who were unfortunately not represented at that forum.
Perhaps a follow-up of sorts will indeed
assist.Personally - and from what you had shared with us
- OA is a priceless process that will not only help us
to become conspicuously ‘visible’ globally but will also
– in my view - empower us in a different way and thus
open other avenues to network and partner with others in
the regional, on the continent and beyond. I hope to
keep in touch and look forward to hearing from you. Best
regards and all the best with your project.” - Prof.
Muhammed Haron, Dept. of Theology & Religious
Studies, University of Botswana.
Contributed by
Elsabé Olivier
|
|
Ke ke le ke ke , Ke ke le ke ke: The Library's got
Fruity feather gees |
|
    
The
Library's Springday "gees" was definitely a winner this
year! With an original team of 2 (Elsabé Olivier and
Janice De Wee) which later expanded to 4 (Christelle
Steyn, and Una Mgwenya) the library's 1st ever Springday
potjiekos was arranged for the Library staff who
attended the day: Lebogang Raphadu, Sindy Hlabangwane,
Ivy Khangala, Goodwill Morige, Sello Kgwebane, Josiah
Lebelo, Edwin Maja, Maggie Moropane, Gloria Maripane
and Hilda Kriel. Elsabé supplied the curry chicken
recipe, and Janice her mother’s magic mix of masala and
curry herbs, Christelle was the mastermind behind the
decor and Una assisted with the rest of the
arrangements and together they managed to pull off an
exceptional fruity chicken curry potjie, with the
assistance of Elsabé's husband (the master in potjie-making)
which was entered for the Spingday potjiekos
competition. The highlight of the day was definitely the
visit of prof De La Rey at our table and everyone joined
her for the photograph!
Although
we did not win the competition we definitely enjoyed the
day and learned to work together as a team to make a
success of the day. If we had to judge ourselves
"according the competition guidelines" we would
summarize the day as follows:
Originality of recipe:
Fruity Chicken curry potjie with a slight South African
curry mix.
Originality of recipe:
100% creative and original.
Potjie
theme and décor:
Theme: Fruity Feathers. Decor: 2 tables decorated
with tablecloths with birds in Aafrican colours motif,
5 chickens, popcorn kernels, speckled eggs, fruits and
mealies with feathers, salted popcorn, caramalized
popcorn, stuffed eggs and candles and lamps and lots
more...(Thanks to Elsa Coertze for most of the props!)
Atmosphere
and ambiance around the potjie (team spirit):
Library gees as you've never seen it before. The
organizing committee wore white tops and blue pants,
combined with feathery aprons, head pieces, feathery
earrings and anklets. Elsabé and her husband entertained
us with some dancing, Sindy led the Chicken choir and
the principal's visit to the stand kindled everyone's
spirit. Elsabé entertained the judges with her chicken
speech and the rest of the group did the chicken dance.
Creative presentation to judges:
A tray with salt and pepper chicken shakers, champagne
glass decorated with feathers filled with a lovely red
wine, the all important potjiekos in the centre and some
speckled eggs and a sweety pie to clean the palette
after judging (or dessert).
Culinary taste of potjie:
Excellent – according to the library staff!

This is what some of the attending library staff members
had to say about the Spring Day 2010:
Una Mgwenya: Well done to all and
thank you for your efforts. I guess sometimes it is not
all about winning but coming together as one
family just for the joy and the fun tops it all,
waar was jy? Thanks, it was worth every minute!
Ivy Khangale:
Well done everyone, it was excellent. I liked the fact
that the theme was relevant to the decorations and
everything, the chickens, feathers, fruits etc, it was
wonderful and people who came around the table commented
positively. I hope next year other staff members
will attend in numbers, because it brings us
together as one big family to enjoy and have fun. That
was the best way of creating a good-team spirit, just
imagine if we attend in numbers and all participate? I
think we can do better than this and even win the price.
I felt like I would have stayed longer but my Boy was
calling…., however next year we will enjoy this day (he
will be grown up) because it’s worth it.
Gloria Maripane:
I just want to thank you very much for all the efforts
and initiative you took to prepare for the wonderful and
unforgettable occasion of yesterday - you made us proud.
Yes, we did not win but surely we were outstanding. Not
forgetting to thank mr Le Roy Olivier for being that
super chef to us, it was great. Believe me or not, yes
we were few but we had fun. I think it is about time
that we start supporting activities that involve us all
in the library, surely we could have won only if there
was a good turn-up of staff members, other departments
of UP came in big numbers and that's how they managed
to win, surely we can. This is part of Team
Building and an opportunity to get to know each other
better - especially on a social level. I say a
big thank you to mr Le Roy Olivier - the potjiekos was
divine. In future we must pull-up our socks and work
together as a team "United we stand - divided we fall".
Sindy Hlabangwane:
On Wednesday, 8th September 2010 UP organized a "Spring
Day" or I can say a mass party for its members in the UP
Sports ground. The venue was a chock-a block and the
food was plentiful. The sports ground looked like we
were at the "Pretoria show". The spring day has been
going on for many years at UP, but this year it was of
its own kind, instead of braai it was potjiekos. The
tables of each Department were decorated with different
colours. Each table was decorated according to the theme
the department have chosen. Our Library team's name was
"Fruity feathers". So you can imagine we had a delicious
chicken potjie. We had an experienced decor team (Elsabé,
Janice and Christelle) and we were spoiled for the day
as Elsabé had organised a "chef" for us.
Thanks for you to make us feel at home yesterday. I am grateful for the
time we have spent socializing and networking together.
I especially appreciate LeRoy for the good work he did
for us (potjie cooking). What a team...Again, thanks
to you, Janice and Christelle so much for all the good
work you did to put our library on the map. Viva “Fruity
feathers" for the good spirit!
Thanks to the team who participated and who put our
department on the map and thanks to the sponsor.
Goodwill Morige:
Springday was fun! I was walking around spying on other
people’s tables – checking whether their tables were
better than ours. Our Fruity Feathers table was very
nice – especially the chickens, the mealies and popcorn
on the table. I was curious about the other people’s
potjiekos – there was only one other chickenpot, but
others had oxtail, lamb, fish, pork and homemade baked
bread. Our chicken- and vegetable potjie was very good
and I enjoyed attending. Wa was jy?
Maggie Moropane:
Spring day@UP - what a wonderful day: a day to
cherish and remember always and a day that forms
part of the UP-culture. This day brought UP personnel,
staff, students and their families together. To top it
all, it was a day where employee and employer relate
comradely. Yes, it was a wonderful and inspiring
experience to join our principal, Prof de la Ray in the
fun walk/run – “BIG THANK YOU Prof for the invite.”
Hope leaders from other departments and units of UP will
agree with me when I think this was another successful
form of ‘TEAM BUILDING’ efforts. The ‘POTJIE-KOMPETISIE’
jammer nie almal kon deelneem nie! I see this as a
way of breaking those culture barriers and a ‘COOL’ way
of getting to know and understand our diverse cultures
and practices. Let’s keep it up!
Hopefully next year UP will consider starting the events
early to give some of us the chance to celebrate the day
to the end. Prof De la Ray, we really looked stunning in
the T-shirts. THANK YOU!
Thank you all for a wonderful experience, we had fun,
that’s for sure!
Contributed by
Elsabé Olivier |
|
Loslitdag / Casual Day - 3 September 2010 |
|

Casual Day is a project of the National Council for
Persons with Physical Disabilities in SA (NCPPDSA)
Casual Day is a FUNdraising project
benefiting persons with disabilities.; Each year we call
upon South Africans to dress differently on the first
Friday of September and to wear the Casual Day sticker
to show their support for disabled people.
Casual Day is South Africa's foremost
fundraising event of this nature and raises more than
just money — it raises awareness about persons with
disabilities, opportunities for corporate comradeship,
community support and welfare organisation
participation.
|
The
message in this year's campaign was
very clear:
No Sticker = No Fun!
Dress for
laughs on Friday 3 September. Wear
your frown upside down and show off
your Casual Day sticker. Give
everyone a reason to smile, support
persons with disabilities and make
sure you wear your sticker.
Laat ons lag met jou drag want jou
plakker sê jy mag. Dra jou plakker
en ondersteun persone met
gestremdhede – ondersteun Loslit Dag
! |
Die biblioteek het ook hulle deel bygedra.
Hieronder is sommige van ons personeel op Loslitdag.

Dimakatso
Malungane and
Mmakgoshi Prescilla
Reetseng Sunette Steynberg
Rianie van der Linde
Photo's contributed by Una Mgwenya
 |
|
Celebrating Heritage Day - 24 September 2010 |
|
To celebrate this year's
heritage day these two ladies Johannah Shika (of the tea
room) and
Makhanani Mashaba (of Level 3 Information desk) dressed
in traditional clothes.

In the picture Johannah Shika is wearing a modern Sepedi
traditional attire.
Makhanani
Mashaba is wearing a typical Tsonga traditional attire.
The skirt she is wearing is called a "xibelana" normally
seen during the women traditional dance worn with "nceka"
a cloth that drapes over the skirt and the top is called
"yele". Their language is Xitsonga. More can be read
from the National Digital Repository URL:
http://ndr.org.za/indigenous-knowledge/stories/129
From left to right:
Johannah Shika and Makhanani Mashaba

Written by Una Mgwenya
and picture taken by Monica Hammes. |
|
In
Memorial |
|

Frans Tshepo Mokoena
¶19
February 1970 -
V20
September 2010
(Burial:
25 September 2010)
Frans Tshepo Mokoena was born on the
19th
February 1970 at Rooikrans Lydenburg, the fifth child of
Abram and Rebecca Mokoena. He attended Tshehla Primary
School and matriculated at Mashishong High in 1990.
He got married to Velheminah Dikeledi in 1998.
He started his career at
the University of Pretoria on the 31st August
1993. His career at the University of Pretoria can be
divided into two periods as follows:
31st
August 1993 to 31st
March 2005 and
1st
May 2006 to
20th September 2010. In 1994
he registered for the BA-degree in Library Sciences at
the University of Pretoria. He successfully completed
this degree and graduated on the 6th of
September 2001.
In June 2003 Frans was
promoted to the position of Information Specialist. As
an Information Specialist he rendered excellent services
to various academic departments. While working in the
UP Library and the Hatfield campus he worked on a
temporary basis at the Mamelodi Library and the Gordon
Institute of Business Science (GIBS) Library in
Johannesburg. One of Frans high lights during this time
was the opportunity to meet President Nelson Mandela
during his visit to the University of Pretoria Library
Services.
He was a leader
of various projects in the Library, and was highly
appreciated by is colleagues in the Library and
academic departments.We received many messages
of condolences from members of the departments that he
served. The following is one of these messages which we
received from the Department of Sociology. “Our
department has a long history with Frans from his days
as a sociology student until he became our information
specialist. We will definitely miss his polite,
respectful and quiet manner. Our hearts go out to his
wife and children and his family at large in this time
of need.”
The personnel of the
Department of Library Services respected and appreciated
Frans. We will certainly miss him.
He
left behind his wife, five children and one grandchild
as well as three brothers and two sisters.

Compiled by Salomie Stolz and Maureen du Pisanie
|
|
Questions
To Ask Before You Hit Send |
|

For many people,
communicating via email is
the standard way of
communicating within
organisations, and also with
customers, external contacts
and business partners. In
business, the formality of
email messages tends to
vary, between the
semi-formal approach that
was previously the domain of
the inter-office memo, down
to chatty exchanges that you
might have with someone over
the telephone or while
standing next to the coffee
machine.
However, email messages are
surprisingly permanent. Have
a really good look through
the contents of your mailbox
and you might be surprised
to see just how old some of
those messages are. Would
you have kept a paper
inter-office memo for that
length of time? Probably
not. And the worrying
thing is that most people
give very little thought to
the contents of an email
message, even though it
might linger around an
organisation for several
years.
|
Do
|
Don't
|
-
Check to see what your
organisation's email
policy is. Many
organisations have rules
about the types of
message that can be sent
and also if your email
is monitored or
screened.
-
Make sure that the
content is relevant
to the recipients.
Nobody likes to receive
junk email.
-
Be polite.
Terseness can be
misinterpreted.
-
Trim
any quoted message down
as much as possible.
-
Try to use humour and
irony sparingly.
You can use smileys such
as :) or :(
to indicate facial
expressions, but make
sure that the recipient
understands what they
mean.
-
Ensure that you have a
relevant "Subject"
line.
-
Try to quote from
the original message
where relevant. You can
break the quoted message
down into paragraphs and
comment on them
individually to make it
clearer.
-
Include a brief
signature on your
email messages to help
the recipient understand
who it is from,
especially if you are
dealing with someone you
do not know very well.
-
Be careful when
replying to mailing list
messages, or to messages
sent to many recipients.
Are you sure you want to
reply to the whole list?
-
Remember to tell people
the format of any
attachments you send
if they're anything
other than basic
Microsoft Office file
type.
 |
Don't reply to an
email message when angry,
as you may regret it later.
Once the message has been
sent, you will not be able
to recover it.
Don't type in
CAPITALS as this is
considered to be SHOUTING.
This is one of the rudest
things you can do.
Don't over-use
punctuation such as
exclamation marks
("!") as these are meant to
be for emphasis. In
particular avoid more than
one exclamation mark ("!!"),
especially if your email is
quite formal. Also, over-use
of the full-stop (e.g.
"....") can make a message
difficult to read.
Don't send large
attachments without
checking with the recipient
first.
Don't send chain
letters or "make
money fast" messages. There
are several hoaxes
about to do with viruses -
never pass these on without
checking with your IT
department first.
Don't conduct
arguments in public, for
example on a mailing list.
Don't make
personal remarks
about third parties. Email
messages can come back to
haunt you.
Don't use an
over-elaborate
signature on your email
message. Never, ever, use
scanned images in a
signature as these tend to
be very large.
Don't mark things
as urgent if they
aren't, because then when
you really do have an urgent
message it may not be
treated in the way it
deserves.
Don't post your email
address on web sites and
other public parts of the
Internet unless you want to
be deluged with spam.
|
|
|
Source: OPSA Terrific Tuesday
Newsletter 15 June 2010
Contributed by Diana
Gerritsen
|
|
e-Boek
vir Oktober / e-Book for October |
2010 is die jaar van
elektroniese boeke by UP.
Met die snel ontwikkelende
tegnologie van e-boeklesers soos
Kindle en iPad saam
met ebrary is die biblioteek nou in 'n posisie om
meer e-boeke aan te koop en bekend te stel.
Elke maand sal 'n nuwe
e-boek in die nuusbrief en op die webblad
aangekondig word.
Kyk gerus daarna en
terugvoer is baie welkom.
³³³³
:
³³³³
2010 is the year of the
electronic books at UP.
With the rapid
technology development of e-book readers like Kindle
and IPad, and also new development at Ebrary,
is the
library now in a position to buy and promote more
e-books.
Enjoy this new
development - feedback and comments are welcome.
*~*~*~*

Quantitative tourism industry analysis :
introduction to input-output, social accounting matrix
modeling,
and tourism satellite accounts / Tadayuki
Hara.
Hara, Tadayuki.
2008 Butterworth
Heinemann (US)
Series:
ISBN: 9780750684996
Hardback xiv, 259 p., 7 p. of plates
Last Received by Blackwell:
04/17/2009
USD 89.95
Low stock

Contributed by Chrissie Boeyens
|
|
Oktober
boek van die maand / October book of the month |
Waar vye nog soet is : van die werk na die spens en die tafel © 2009 / Emilia le Roux & Francois Smuts

|
Doornkraal is die plaas se naam, net duskant De Rust. Dis waar Swepie en Ann le Roux al jare lank boer. Dis waar hule kinders geleer het om van die werf te leef, al sewe van hulle. Alles op Doornkraal se eettafel kom van die plaas af. Die gerookte sonneblomsade, die botter, die ricotta ... Die vis sou pas daar in die plaasdam gebyt het, die kweperlekkers flussies nog vrugte gewees het wat swaargeel in die heining vol vinke gehang het en die room sou daardie oggend nog die separator se hart laat klink-klink-klink- het ...
Read more...

Contributed by Katrien Malan |
|
Library
Intranet Newsletter Publication /
Publikasie van die Biblioteek Intranet Nuusbrief |
|
Indien jy enige kommentaar
of voorstelle oor die nuusbrief het, epos ons asseblief
by
diana.gerritsen@up.ac.za
- ons hoor graag jou opinie.
If you
have any comments or suggestions about our newsletter,
then please mail us on
diana.gerritsen@up.ac.za
-
we are very keen to hear your opinions.
S
Ë S
To contribute, please e-mail
Diana Gerritsen.
Contributions can be in Afrikaans or English.
Om 'n bydrae te maak e-pos asb. vir
Diana Gerritsen.
Bydraes kan in Afrikaans of Engels wees. |
|
Events this
month ...
Gebeure dié
maand ...
Birthdays
this
month ...

Verjaarsdae dié
maand ...
|
1 |
Lita Ferguson |
|
3 |
Antoinette Lourens |
|
4 |
Andries Kgwebane |
|
|
Martha de Waal |
|
6 |
Cathrine Nkabinde |
|
7 |
E Grobler |
|
10 |
Suzette Gouws |
|
|
Junior Baloyi |
|
12 |
Elsabé Olivier |
|
16 |
Niel de Kock |
|
17 |
Ditebogo Mogakane |
|
22 |
Anastasia Ntuli |
|
23 |
Tobie Singleton |
|
|
Bozenna van Dijk |
|
26 |
Susan Marsh |
|
30 |
Arthur Molefe |

Het
jy geweet .......

Did you know.......
Google is actually the common name for a number
with a million zeros.
Eating
Recipes for placing meat between slices of bread date
back to Roman times. However, that was for steak, not
minced meat. Thus, the steak burger is older than the
hamburger! Sausage is one of the oldest forms of
processed food, having been mentioned in Homer’s Odyssey
in the 9th century BC.
The tongue is a muscle with glands, sensory cells,
and fatty tissue that helps to moisten food with saliva.
You cannot taste food unless it is mixed with saliva.
For instance, if salt is placed on a dry tongue, the
taste buds will not be able to identify it. As soon as
saliva is added, the salt dissolves and the taste
sensation takes place.
There are 4 basic tastes. The salt and sweet taste
buds are at the tip of the tongue, bitter at the base,
and sour along the sides.
See:
Why is it called a hamburger although it contains no
ham?
Eating
Recipes for placing meat between slices of bread date
back to Roman times. However, that was for steak, not
minced meat. Thus, the steak burger is older than the
hamburger! Sausage is one of the oldest forms of
processed food, having been mentioned in Homer’s Odyssey
in the 9th century BC.
The tongue is a muscle with glands, sensory cells,
and fatty tissue that helps to moisten food with saliva.
You cannot taste food unless it is mixed with saliva.
For instance, if salt is placed on a dry tongue, the
taste buds will not be able to identify it. As soon as
saliva is added, the salt dissolves and the taste
sensation takes place.
There are 4 basic tastes. The salt and sweet taste
buds are at the tip of the tongue, bitter at the base,
and sour along the sides.
See:
Why is it called a hamburger although it contains no
ham?

The only part of the body that has no blood
supply is the cornea in the eye. It takes in oxygen directly
from the air.

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